Objective Questions

Question. Essential Elements are
(a) Not required for normal reproduction
(b) Not replaced by other elements
(c) Indirectly involved in metabolism
(d) Required only in those metabolic process which lead to increase cytoplasmic mass

Question. More than _____ elements of the _____ discovered so far are found in different plants
(a) 60,105
(b) 105,60
(c) 30,60
(d) 4,105

Question. Which of the following statements best characterizes micronutrients?
(a) They include elements such as C,H,O
(b) They occur in such small amounts that they are not necessary for life
(c) They are essentially required in very small amount
(d) They are needed by all organisms in the same quantity

Question. Plants are generally immobile. However, their roots can help them
(a) Forage over longer distance for food
(b) Photosynthesize
(c) Feed on the tissues of dead organisms
(d) Grow through their energy sources

Question. Which of the following is not a criterion for an essential nutrient?
(a) It is required for growth and reproduction
(b) Form large molecules in plants
(c) No other elements can replace it
(d) It is required for a specific structure or metabolic function

Question. Soil could be deficient in any of the following nutrients. If you had to supply one of them, Which would be needed in the smallest amount?
(a) S
(b) P
(c) K
(d) Fe

Question. Hydrophonics has been successfully employed as technique for the commercial production of vegetables like
(a) Tomato
(b) Seedles cucumber
(c) Lettuce
(d) All

Question. The amount of macronutrients per kg of dry matter is
(a) 10 mmole
(b) Above 10 mmole
(c) Less than 10 mmole
(d) 0.1 mg

Question. Essential elements (17) are
(a) Only macronutrients
(b) Only micronutrients
(c) Both macro and micronutrients
(d) C,H,O and N only

Question. Which is a false statement regarding macronutrients?
(a) Form plant structure
(b) Become toxic in slight excess
(c) Develop osmotic potential
(d) Component of energy–related compounds

Question. The process by which mineral is absorbed is called
(a) passive absorption
(b) active absorption
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) none of these

Question. The bond in molecular nitrogen (N₂) is difficult to break, because it is a
(a) double ionic bond.
(b) quadraplex hydrogen bond.
(c) triple covalent bond.
(d) triple ionic bond.

Question. Conversion of N ≡ N to NH₃ occurs in plant cell by
(a) free-living bacteria
(b) symbiotic bacteria
(c) anaerobic microbes
(d) enzyme

Question. Frankia produces nitrogen fixing nodules on the roots of
(a) leguminous plants
(b) n on -legumin ous plants
(c) Cycas
(d) monocot

Question. The nodule in a plant root where nitrogen fixing bacteria live forms from cells of the
(a) epidermis
(b) cortex
(c) endodermis
(d) vascular cylinder

Question. Leghaemoglobin helps in
(a) transport of food in plant.
(b) nitrogen fixation.
(c) protecting nitrogenase from O₂.
(d) nodule formation.

Question. The primary amino acid from which other 17 amino acids are formed through the process of transamination is
(a) glycine
(b) aspartic acid
(c) glutamic acid
(d) arachidonic acid

Question. Nitrogen fixation is a process of
(a) converting nitrogen in the air to form a usable form by plants.
(b) recycling nitrogen from organic matter in the soil.
(c) absorbing nitrogen from the soil.
(d) conversion of NO₃ to N₂ .

Statement Type Questions

Question. Read the following statements (i to v) and answer the following question.
(i) Nitrogen is very essential for the sustenance of life.
(ii) N₂ – fixation requires a strong reducing agent.
(iii) N₂ – fixation is accomplished with the help of nitrogen fixing microbes, mainly Frankia.
(iv) The enzyme nitrogenase which plays an important role in biological N₂ fixation is very sensitive to carbon dioxide.
(v) The energy, ATP, required is provided by the respiration of the host cells.
How many of the above statements are incorrect?
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(b) (iii) and (v)
(c) (iii) and (iv)
(d) (ii), (iv) and (v)

Question. Ion transport in root occurs
(i) passively through channels.
(ii) actively through channels.
(iii) actively through carriers.
(iv) through both symplast and apoplast.
(a) (i) and (iii)
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(d) (iii) and (iv)

Question. Which of the following mineral is associated with the characters/functions given below ?
(i) Helps in formation of middle lamella.
(ii) Needed in mitotic spindle formation.
(iii) Accumulates in older leaves.
(iv) Involves in normal functioning of the cell membranes.
(v) Activate certain enzymes.
(vi) Plays an important role in regulating metabolic activities.
(a) K⁺
(b) Fe³⁺
(c) NO₃^–
(d) Ca²⁺

Assertion/Reason Type Questions

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion is followed by a statement of Reason.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Question. Assertion : Deficiency of sulphur causes chlorosis in plants.
Reason : Sulphur is a constituent of chlorophyll, protein and nucleic acids.

Question. Assertion : Nitrogen is the essential nutrient element requird by plants in the greatest amount.
Reason : Nitrogen is absorbed mainly as NO₃ ^– though some are also taken up NO₂^– or NH₄⁺

Question. Assertion :Ammonia is first oxidized to nitrate by the bacteria Nitrosomonas or Nitrococcus.
Reason : These nitryfying Bacteria are chemoheterotrophs .

Critical Thinking Type Questions

Question. Plant absorbs nitrogen from the soil in the form of
(a) ammonia
(b) N₂
(c) nitrite
(d) nitrate

Question. N₂  + 8e^– + 8H⁺ + 16 ATP → 2NH₄ +H₂ + 16ADP + 16Pi
The above equation refers to
(a) ammonification
(b) nitrification
(c) nitrogen fixation
(d) denitrification

Question. Which of the following bacteria can fix nitrogen for plants such as clover and beans ?
(a) Denitrovibri
(b) Rhizobium
(c) Pseudomonas
(d) Nitrobacter

Question. Which of the following expression describes nitrogen fixation?
(a) N₂ + 3H₂ → 2NH₃
(b) 2NH⁺₄+ 2O₂ + 8e^– →  N₂ + 4H₂O
(c) 2NH₃ → N₂ + 3H₂
(d) 2N₂ + glucose → 2 amino acids

Question. The deficiencies of micronutrients, not only affects growth of plants but also vital functions such as photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron flow. Among the list given below, which group of three elements shall affect most, both photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport?
(a) Co, Ni, Mo
(b) Ca, K, Na
(c) Mn, Co, Ca
(d) Cu, Mn, Fe

Question. Which of the following is a free living aerobic nonphotosynthetic nitrogen-fixer?
(a) Rhizobium
(b) Azotobacter
(c) Azospirillum
(d) Nostoc

Question. Minerals are known to enter the plant root by means of a number of mechanisms, including all except one of the following. Which one of the following is a mechanism for moving minerals into roots?
(a) Foliar feeding
(b) Active transport
(c) Proton (H⁺) pump
(d) Cation exchange

Question. Legume’s roots have swellings called nodules that
(a) produce antibiotics that protect the plant from soil bacteria.
(b) provide a steady supply of sugar to the host plant.
(c) increases the surface area for water uptake.
(d) contain nitrogen-fixing bacteria.

Question. A boy notices that the young leaves of his tomato plants are very yellow. Deficiency of which of the following nutrient does this suggest ?
(a) Nitrogen
(b) Carbon
(c) Water
(d) Iron

Diagram Type Questions

Question. The given figure shows a typical set up with their parts marked as A, B and C. Identify A, B and C and determine which experiment is demonstrated in the given figure?

A	B	C	D
(a) Funnel for adding water and nutrients	Aerating tube	Nutrient solution	Hydroponics
(b) Funnel for adding water only	Aerating tube	Nutrient solution	Aeroponics
(c) Funnel for adding nutrients only	Aerating tube	Water	Tissue culture
(d) Funnel for adding water and nutrients	Aerating tube	Water	Hydroponics

Question. Refer the figure given below and select the option which gives correct labelling for all the four blanks A, B, C and D.

A	B	C	D
(a) K	Ammonification	Animal biomass	Plant biomass
(b) NH3	Ammonification	Plant biomass	Animal biomass
(c) CO2	Denitrification	Animal biomass	Plant biomass
(d) CHO	Nitrification	Plant biomass	Animal biomass