Objective Questions

Question. Ion Channels present on neural membrane are _____
(a) Impermeable
(b) Semipermeable
(c) Selective permeable
(d) Fully permeable

Question. When a neuron is not conducting any impulse i.e. resting, the axonal membrane is _____?
(a) Comparatively more permeable to K+ and impermeable ( nearly impermeable) to Na+
(b) Impermeable to negatively charged proteins present in the axoplasm
(c) Both
(d) More permeable to Na+ ions than K+ ion.

Question. Na+ K+ pump
A. Needs energy (ATP) to work
B. Expels 3 Na+ for every 2 K+ ions imported
C. Works against a concentration gradient
D. Maintains resting potential
Options :
(a) All are correct
(b) Only B and C are correct
(c) Only A and C are correct
(d) None is correct

Question. During depolarisation of the neuronal membrane
(a) Na+ ions rapidly move to the inside of the cell
(b) Na+ ions rapidly move to the outside of the cell
(c) K+ ions rapidly move to the outside of the cell
(d) None of these

Question. When a stimulus is applied at a site on the polarised membrane, the membrane at that site becomes freely permeable to _____ ions, which causes rapid influx of _____ ions leading to_____ of the membrane?
(a) Na+,K+, depolarisation
(b) K+, K+, depolarisation
(c) K+, Na+ depolarisation
(d) Na+, Na+ depolarisation

Question. During repolarisation of nerve
(a) K+ gate closes and Na+ gate opens
(b) Na+ channels are closed and K+ channels are opened
(c) Both K+ and Na+ gates are closed
(d) Both gates remain opened

Question. The junction between the axon of one neuron and the dendrite of the next is called
(a) A joint
(b) Constant bridge
(c) Junction point
(d) Synapse

Question. The new potential developed on post synaptic membrane is
(a) Always excitatory
(b) Always inhibitory
(c) May be excitatory or inhibitory
(d) Neither excitatory nor inhibitory

Question. Which of the following is not a function of brain?
A. Controlling voluntary movements
B. Maintaining balance of the body
C. Functioning of vital involuntary organs
D. Thermoregulation
E. Hunger
F. Thirst
G. Rhythm of body
H. Activities of gland
Options :
(a) A,C,D,F,G
(b) D,H,E,F
(c) A,B,C
(d) All are function of brain

Question. Correct sequence of cranial meninges from outer to inner is
(a) Dura mater, pia mater, arachnoid
(b) Archanoid, pia mater, dura mater
(c) Dura mater, archanoid, pia mater
(d) Pia mater, dura mater, arachnoid

Question. The amount of light that falls on retina is regulated by
(a) lens
(b) cornea
(c) iris
(d) ciliary muscles

Question. Space between cornea and lens is called
(a) aqueous chamber
(b) vitreous chamber
(c) canal of schlemm
(d) fovea centralis

Question. Which of the following is devoid of blood supply?
(a) Retina
(b) Choroid
(c) Cornea
(d) Scleroid

Question. The blind spot is the region where
(a) image is formed.
(b) cones are numerous.
(c) the optic nerve leaves out.
(d) image is formed during the dark.

Question. Colour perception in man is due to the presence of
(a) rhodopsin pigment in rod cells.
(b) iodopsin pigment in cone cells.
(c) iodopsin pigment in rod cells.
(d) rhodopsin pigment in cone cells.

Question. At the base of cochlea, the canal that ends at the oval window is
(a) scala tympani
(b) scala media
(c) scala vestibuli
(d) auditory

Question. Macula of labyrinth is bathed in
(a) aqueous humour
(b) vitreous humour
(c) perilymph
(d) endolymph

Question. The sense of equilibrium is determined by
(a) basilar membrane of cochlea.
(b) tectorial membrane of cochlea.
(c) sensory crista of ampulla.
(d) sensory cells of organ of corti.

Question. In mammals, the organs of Corti is found in
(a) scala vestibule
(b) scala tympani
(c) scala media
(d) middle ear

Question. Anvil-shaped bone is
(a) malleus
(b) incus
(c) stapes
(d) columella auris

Question. In static condition, the body balance is sensed by
(a) crista
(b) macula
(c) both (a) and (b)
(d) cochlear canal

Assertion/Reason Type Questions

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion is followed by a statement of Reason.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Question. Assertion : The axonal membrane of the neuron is more permeable to sodium ions (Na⁺) and nearly impermeable to potassium ions (K⁺).
Reason : In a resting state neuron does not conduct any impulse.

Question. Assertion : The imbalance in concentration of Na⁺, K⁺ and proteins generates resting potential.
Reason : To maintain the unequal distribution of Na⁺ and K⁺, the neurons use electrical energy.

Question. Assertion : A cerebellum is related with skillful voluntary movement and involuntary activity like body balance, equilibrium etc.
Reason : It is part of hind brain and it is situated behind the pons.

Question. Assertion : The chemical stored in the synaptic vesicles are termed as neurotransmitters.
Reason : Synaptic vesicles release these chemicals in the synaptic cleft.

Matching Type Questions

Question. Which one of the following is mismatched ?
(a) Cerebrum – Memory
(b) Medulla oblongata – Temperature regulation
(c) Cerebellum – Equilibrium
(d) Olfactory lobes – Smell

Question. Find out the right matching from the following pairs.
(a) Accommodation ……………… Pupil
(b) Colour perception ……………… Cones
(c) Night blindness ……………… Rods
(d) Binocular vision ……………… Iris

Question. Match the column I (various phase of an action potential) with column II (ionic activity associated) and choose the correct option.

Column I	Column II
A. Resting stage of a neuron	I. Opening and then  closing of the sodium channels
B. Depolarization phase in the generation of an action potential.	II. All voltage gated sodium  and potassium channels  are closed.
C. Repolarization phase in the generation of action potential	III. The sodium channels  remain opened.
D. Absolute refractory phase.	IV. Opening of potassium  gates and the rushing of potassium

(a) A – II, B – I, C – IV, D – III
(b) A – I, B – II, C – III, D – IV
(c) A – III, B – IV, C – I, D – II
(d) A – IV, B – II, C – III, D – I

Question. Which of the following pair is not correctly matched?
(a) Rods – Twilight vision
(b) Ciliary body – Iris
(c) Retina – Optic chiasma
(d) Vitreous humour – Posterior compartment

Question. Which of the following terms is not correctly matched with its feature?
(a) Efferent neurons – Carries signals from CNS to the effector.
(b) Axon terminal – Possess neurotransmitter containing vesicle.
(c) Limbic system – Along with the hypothalamus, it is involved in the regulation of sexual behaviour, expression of emotional reactions and motivation.
(d) Association areas – Present in cerebellum and responsible for functions like intersensory associations, memory and communication.

Critical Thinking Type Questions

Question. When we move from light to dark, we fail to see for some time but soon the visibility becomes normal. It is called
(a) accomodation
(b) adaptation
(c) photoperiodism
(d) mutation

Question. Arrange the cardiac muscle fibres, skeletal muscle fibres and the nerve fibres on the basis of velocity of impulse conduction in descending order, i.e. from maximum to the minimum.
(a) Nerve fibres – cardiac muscle fibres – skeletal muscle fibres
(b) Nerve fibres- skeletal muscle fibres – cardiac muscle fibres
(c) Skeletal muscle fibres- cardiac muscle fibres – nerve fibres
(d) Cardiac muscle fibres- skeletal muscle fibres – nerve fibres

Question. The correct logical sequence regarding flow of sound in human ear is
(a) Ear ossicles- Oval window – Tympanum – Auditory canal – Cochlea
(b) Auditory canal – Tympanum- Ear ossicles – Oval window – Cochlea
(c) Cochlea- Tympanum- Ear ossicles – Oval window – Auditory canal
(d) Tympanum – Cochlea – Oval window – Ear ossicles – Auditory canal

Question. Refer the following features and identify the correct part of the ear to which these are associated.
i. It is also called auditory tube.
ii. It connects the middle ear cavity with the pharynx.
iii. It helps in equalizing the pressures on either sides of the ear drum.
(a) Ear ossicles
(b) Eustachian tube
(c) Semicircular canal
(d) Vestibular apparatus

Question. Impulse transmission across an electrical synapse is always ________than that across a chemical synapse.
(a) faster
(b) slower
(c) intermittent
(d) continuous

Question. The ____ neuron receives signal from a sensory organ and transmits the impulse via a dorsal nerve root into the _____. The ______ neuron then carries signals from CNS to the ________.
(a) afferent, CNS, efferent, effector
(b) efferent, PNS, afferent, effector
(c) afferent, CNS, efferent, receptor
(d) efferent, PNS, afferent, receptor