Objective Questions

Question. Which of the following enzyme digest milk protein in alkaline medium?
(a) Pepsin
(b) Trypsin
(c) Rennin
(d) Chymotrypsin

Question. Muscular contraction in alimentary canal is called —
(a) deglutition
(b) mastication
(c) peristalsis
(d) none of these

Question. HCl of gastric juice
(a) inactivates ptyalin and activates pepsin.
(b) activates ptyalin and inactivates pepsin.
(c) inactivates both ptyalin and pepsin.
(d) activates both ptyalin and pepsin.

Question. Which cells of gastric mucosa secrete pepsinogen?
(a) Parietal
(b) Oxyntic
(c) Chief cells
(d) Goblet

Question. Trypsin changes
(a) fats into fatty acids.
(b) proteins into peptones.
(c) starch and glycogen into maltose.
(d) maltose into its components.

Question. End product of protein digestion is —
(a) sugar
(b) amino acid
(c) nucleotide
(d) ammonia

Question. Which homeostatic function of the liver is controlled and monitored in the pancreas?
(a) Deamination of amino acids
(b) Release of glucose
(c) Release of iron
(d) Removal of toxins

Question. Semi – digested food in intestine is called
(a) chyle
(b) chyme
(c) bolus
(d) none of these

Question. Emulsification refers to
(a) action of bile on breaking large fat droplets
(b) action of gastric lipase on proteins
(c) action of salivary amylase on starch
(d) action of pancreas on fat droplets

Question. A good source of lipase is
(a) saliva
(b) gastric juice
(c) bile
(d) pancreatic Juice

Question. The ______ is primarily a storage chamber within the digestive system, while the ______ reabsorbs water, ions, and generates the faeces.
(a) buccal cavity; midgut
(b) crop; midgut
(c) stomach; hindgut
(d) buccal cavity; hindgut

Question. Under which of the following circumstances will insulin be secreted?
(a) The blood sugar level in the liver is low.
(b) The blood sugar level in the hepatic portal vein is low.
(c) The blood sugar level in the islets of Langerhans is high.
(d) The glycogen level in the skeletal muscle is high.

Question. ____i_____ is a diseased condition in which a person passes out watery stool frequently while
______ii_______ is known as infrequent elimination of dry stool.
(a) i- Constipation, ii- Diarrhoea
(b) i- Diarrhoea, ii- Constipation
(c) i- Diarrhoea, ii- Vomiting
(d) i- Constipation, ii- Vomiting

Assertion/Reason Type Questions

In the following questions, a statement of Assertion is followed by a statement of Reason.
(a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and the Reason is the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but the Reason is not the correct explanation of the Assertion.
(c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d) If both Assertion and Reason are false.

Question. Assertion : Starch is hydrolysed by ptyalin to maltose.
Reason : Sucrase hydrolyses sucrose to lactose.

Question. Assertion : Chewing is one of the most important process of digestion in animals.
Reason : Chewing helps in enzyme action.

Question. Assertion : Water and electrolytes are almost fully absorbed in the large intestine.
Reason : In large intestine, haustral contractions (slow segmenting movements) roll the forming faeces over and over, causing absorption of water and electrolytes.

Critical Thinking Type Questions

Question. During prolonged fasting
(a) first fats are used up, followed by carbohydrates from liver and muscles and proteins in the end.
(b) first carbohydrates are used up, followed by fat and proteins towards end.
(c) first lipids, followed by proteins and carbohydrates towards end.
(d) none of the above.

Question. If pH of stomach is 7 then which component of food would be affected?
(a) Starch
(b) Protein
(c) Fat
(d) Sucrose

Question. If the chyme of a person who had orally consumed only starch as food is analysed before it enters the duodenum, it will show the presence of
(a) maltose and glucose
(b) dextrin and maltose
(c) starch, dextrin and maltose
(d) starch, dextrin and glucose

Question. Which of the following is the correct chronological order for the enzyme activity of some enzymes taking part in protein digestion?
(a) Pepsin→Trypsin→Peptidase
(b) Pepsin→Peptidase→Trypsin
(c) Trypsin → Pepsin → Peptidase
(d) Peptidase→Trypsin →Pepsin

Question. Which enzymes are likely to act on the baked potatoes eaten by a man, starting from the mouth and as it moves down the alimentary canal?
(a) Salivary maltase → Carboxypeptidase →Trypsinogen
(b) Pancreatic amylase → Salivary amylase → Lipases
(c) Disaccharidase like maltase → Lipases → Nucleases
(d) Salivary amylase → Pancreatic amylase → Disaccharidases

Question. If the parietal cells of the gut epithelium become partially non-functional, what is likely to happen?
(a) The pancreatic enzymes, specially the trypsin and lipase will not work efficiently.
(b) The pH of stomach will fall abruptly.
(c) Steapsin will be more effective.
(d) Proteins will not be adequately hydrolysed by pepsin into proteases and peptones.

Question. The hydrochloric acid secreted by the gastric glands activates the enzyme _____i_____ while the _____ii_____ secreted by gastric glands protects the lining of the stomach from the action of acid.
(a) i- pepsin, ii- mucus
(b) i- pepsin, ii- trypsin
(c) i- amylase, ii- trypsin
(d) i- amylase, ii- rennin

Question. Following are given parts of small and large intestine.
(i) Cecum
(ii) Colon
(iii) Jejunum
(iv) Rectum
(v) Duodenum
(vi) Ileum
Choose the arrangement that lists the structures in the order food passes through them from the small intestine to the anus.
(a) (i) – (ii) – (iii) – (iv) – (v) – (vi)
(b) (v) – (iii) – (vi) – (i) – (ii) – (iv)
(c) (iv) – (v) – (ii) – (iii) – (i) – (vi)
(d) (iii) – (v) – (vi) – (ii) – (i) – (iv)

Question. Which process transported the bolus into the pharynx and then into the oesophagus?
(a) Deglutition
(b) Peristalsis
(c) Vomiting
(d) All of these

Question. Study the statement given below and answer the question.
“Even though the contents of stomach are very acidic, the stomach usually does not cause damage to itself”.
Identify the reasons (i to iv) given below which are responsible for the above statement.
(i) The release of gastric juices is controlled to avoid too high a concentration.
(ii) The stomach lining is quick to repair itself.
(iii) Mucus forms a thick protective coating for the stomach.
(iv) Food and water dilute the gastric juices
(a) (i), (ii) and (iii)
(b) (ii), (iii) and (iv)
(c) (i) and (iv) only
(d) All of the above