Students of class 10 Science should refer to MCQ Questions Class 10 Science Heredity And Evolution with answers provided here which is an important chapter in Class 10 Science NCERT textbook. These MCQ for Class 10 Science with Answers have been prepared based on the latest CBSE and NCERT syllabus and examination guidelines for Class 10 Science. The following MCQs can help you to practice and get better marks in the upcoming class 10 Science examination

Chapter 9 Heredity And Evolution MCQ with Answers Class 10 Science

MCQ Questions Class 10 Science Heredity And Evolution provided below have been prepared by expert teachers of grade 10. These objective questions with solutions are expected to come in the upcoming Standard 10 examinations. Learn the below provided MCQ questions to get better marks in examinations.

Question. Wing of a bird and wing of an insect are   
(a) Homologous organs
(b) analogous organs
(c) vestigial organ
(d) both (a) and (b)

Question. The process by which new species develop from the existing species is known as   
(a) Evolution
(b) Natural selection
(c) Artificial selection
(d) Speciation

Question. Which of the following characters can be acquired but not inherited?     
(a) Colour of skin
(b) Size of body
(c) Colour of eyes
(d) Texture of hair

Question. The more characteristics two species have in common :     
(a) More closely they are related and more recently they had a common ancestors.
(b) More distantly they are related and more recently they have common ancestors.
(c) More closely they are related and more distantly they have common ancestors.
(d) More distantly they are related and more distantly they have common ancestors.

Question. A cross between a tall pea-plant (TT) and a short pea-plant (tt) resulted in progenies that were all tall plants because   
(a) tallness is the recessive trait.
(b) shortness is the dominant trait.
(c) height of pea-plant is not governed by gene T or t.
(d) tallness is the dominant trait.

Question: Heredity deals with the study of
(a) resemblances and differences between the parents and offsprings.
(b) resemblances between the parents and offsprings.
(c) differences between the parents and offspring.
(d) none of the above   

Question: The given figure shows bones in the forelimbs of three mammals.

For these mammals, the number, position, and shape of the bones must likely indicates that they may have 
(a) developed in a common environment. 
(b) developed from the same earlier species.
(c) identical genetic makeup.
(d) identical methods of obtaining food.   

Question: If two parents have the genotypes AA × aa, the probability of having an aa genotype in the F, generation is –
(a) 25 percent
(b) 50 percent
(c) 75 percent
(d) None of these 

Question: According to the evolutionary theory, formation of a new species is generally due to 
(a) sudden creation by nature.
(b) accumulation of variations over several generations.
(c) clones formed during asexual reproduction.
(d) movement of individuals from one habitat to another. 

Question: Which of the following is dominant character according to the Mendel?
(a) Dwarf plant and yellow fruit
(b) Terminal fruit and wrinkled seed
(c) White testa and yellow pericarp
(d) Green coloured pod and rounded seed   

Question: A male child will be born if
(a) father is healthy
(b) mother is well fed during pregnancy
(c) genetic composition of child has XY set of chromosomes
(d) genetic composition of child has XX set of chromosomes. 

Question: Which of the following are fossils?
(a) Pollen grains buried in the bottom of a peat bog.
(b) The petrified cast of a clam’s burrow. 
(c) The impression of clam shell made in mud, preserved in mudstone. 
(d) All of the above.   

Question: Which of the following evolutionary mechanisms acts to slow down or prevent the evolution of reproductive isolation?
(a) Natural selection
(b) Gene flow
(c) Mutation
(d) Genetic drift 

Question: From heredity point of view, which marriage is not suitable?
(a) Man Rh (–) and Woman Rh (+)
(b) Both Rh (+)
(c) Both Rh (–)
(d) Man Rh (+) and Woman Rh (–) 

Question: In natural selection,
 (a) the genetic composition of the population changes at random over time. 
(b) new mutations are generated over time.
(c) all individuals in a population are equally likely to contribute offspring to the next generation.
(d) individuals that possess particular inherited characters survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals.   

Question: Sex-linked disorders such as color blindness and haemophilia are
(a) caused by genes on the X chromosome
(b) caused by genes on the autosome
(c) caused by genes on the Y chromosome
(d) expressed only in men   

Question: Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic fossils are found in:
(a) Azoic
(b) Coenozic
(c) Proterozoic
(d) Archaeozoic   

Question: The smallest unit that can evolve is a:
(a) Species
(b) Genotype
(c) Gene
(d) Population   

Question: A heterozygous red-eyed female Drosophila mated with a white-eyed male would produce
(a) red-eyed females and white-eyed males in the F1
(b) white-eyed females and red-eyed males in the Fl
(c) half red and half white-eyed females and all white eyed males in the F1
(d) half red and half white-eyed females as well as males in the F1 

Question: (A): Genes pass from one generation to another. 
(B): The unit of inheritance is genes.
(a) Statement (A) and (B) both are correct.
(b) Statement (A) is correct but (B) is incorrect.
(c) Statement (A) is incorrect but (B) is correct
(d) Statement (A) and (B) both are incorrect. 

Question:Which of the following statements best describe the theory of natural selection?
(a) All organisms are equally suited to their environment.
(b) Random selection will determine which organisms survive.
(c) Organisms better adapted to their environment have greater reproductive success.
(d) Organisms that produce the most offspring are better suited to their environment.   

Question. Two pink colored flowers on crossing results in 1 red, 2 pink and 1 white flower progeny. The nature of the cross is-   
(a) cross fertilization
(b) self pollination
(c) double fertilization
(d) no fertilization

Question. Charles Darwin toured in a ship for five years it was
(a) Vikrant
(b) Phillips
(c) Alexander
(d) Beagle

Question. The famous book “Origin of Species” was written by Charles Darwin in
(a) 1809
(b) 1859
(c) 1885
(d) 1871

Question. The theory of Natural selection of Darwin to explain organic evolution was based on
(a) modification in organs through used and disuse
(b) probability of reproduction, struggle for existence and survival of the fittest
(c) Inheritance of acquired characters
(d) appearance of sudden large variations, then inheritance and survival of those having these variations

Question. Which one caries extra nuclear genetic material ?
(a) Plastids
(b) Ribosomes
(c) Chromosomes
(d) Golgi – complex

Question. Nucleoprotein gave most probably the first sign of
(a) life
(b) amino acid
(c) soil
(d) sugar

Question. A cross between AaBB X aa BB yields a genotypic ratio of
(a) 1 AaBB : 1 aaBB
(b) 1 AaBB : 3 aaBB
(c) 3AaBB : 1 aa BB
(d) All AaBb

Question. The idea of “Survival of fittest” was given by
(a) Darwin
(b) Herbert Spencer
(c) Lamarck
(d) Devries

Question. Fossils are
(a) fovea in the retina of vertebrate eye
(b) remains of organisms presents in the rocks
(c) the fossa present in the bones
(d) foramens through which nerves pass

Question. Evolution is the best defined by
(a) inheritance of acquired characters
(b) descent by modifications
(c) spontaneous generation
(d) struggle for existence

Question. Which one is not a vestigial organ in man ?
(a) Vermiform appendix
(b) Plica seminualris
(c) Ear muscles
(d) Epiglottis

Question. Who wrote the “Origin of Species” ?
(a) G.J. Mendel
(b) Lamarck
(c) De-Vries
(d) Charles Darwin

Question. Mendel formulated the law of purity of gametes on the basis of
(a) dihybrid cross
(b) monohybrid cross
(c) back cross
(d) test cross

Question. What is the effect of sexual reproduction ?
(a) Offspring is weak
(b) Offspring is like the parent
(c) Offspring is more vigorous
(d) Offspring is diseased

Question. An experiment to prove that organic compounds were the basis of life, was performed by
(a) Oparin
(b) Miller
(c) Melvin
(d) Fox

Question. In monohybrid cross what is the ratio of homozygous dominant and homozygous recessive individual in F2 – generation ?
(a) 1 : 2 : 1
(b) 2 : 1 / 1 : 2
(c) 3 : 1 / 1 : 3
(d) 1 : 1

Question. Fossils are dated now by
(a) stratigraphic position
(b) amount of calcium residue
(c) association with other animals
(d) radioactive carbon contents

Question. Branch of biology deal s with heredity and variation is called
(a) Palaentology
(b) Evolution
(c) Genetics
(d) Ecology

Question. Homologus structures have
(a) similar origin & dissimilar function
(b) dissimilar origin but similar function
(c) structurally as well as functionally similar
(d) normally non-functional

Question. Analogous organs are those which are
(a) structurally similar
(b) functionally similar
(c) structurally as well as functionally similar
(d) normally non-functional

Question. When as organ is used it will develop and it is not used, it weakens to become vestigial. Who could have said this theory ?
(a) Darwin
(b) De-Vries
(c) Lamarck
(d) Mendel

Question. Assertion: Variation is high in sexually reproducing organisms compared to asexually reproducing organisms.   
Reason: Inaccuracies during DNA copying give rise to variation.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
(e) Both A and R are false.

Question. Differences between organisms in a species are described as variation. Which of the following would you describe as continuous variation?     
(a) Hair colour
(b) Eye colour
(c) Weight
(d) Sex

Question. Which one of the following pairs are homologous organs?   
(a) Forelimbs of a bird and wings of a bat.
(b) Wings of a bird and wings of a butterfly.
(c) Pectoral fins of a fish and forelimbs of a horse.
(d) Wings of a bat and wings of a cockroach.

Question. The process of evolution of a species whereby characteristics which help individual organisms to survive and reproduce are passed on to their offspring and those characteristics which do not help are not passed on is called     
(a) Artificial selection
(b) Speciation
(c) Hybridization
(d) Natural selection

Question. Some dinosaurs had feathers although they could not fly but birds have feathers that help them to fly. In the context of evolution this means that-     
(a) reptiles have evolved from birds
(b) there is no evolutionary connection between reptiles and birds
(c) feathers are homologous structure in both the organisms
(d) Birds have evolved from reptiles.

Question. Which of the following scientist gave the principles of inheritance?   
(a) Mendel
(b) Griffin
(c) Johannes
(d) Watson and Crick

Question. Which concept was not included in Charles Darwin’s theory of Natural Selection?   
(a) Struggle for existence
(b) Punctuated equilibrium
(c) Survival of the fittest
(d) Overproduction of offspring.

Question. A cross between two individuals results in a ratio of 9 : 3 : 3 :1 for four possible phenotypes of progeny. This is an example of a     
(a) Monohybrid cross
(b) Dihybrid cross
(c) Test cross
(d) F1 generation

Question. If a round, green seeded pea-plant (RRyy) is crossed with a wrinkled yellow seeded pea- plant (rrYY), the seeds produced in F₁ generation are     
(a) round and green
(b) round and yellow
(c) wrinkled and green 
(d) wrinkled and yellow

Question. The remaps (or impressions) of dead animals or plant? that lived in the remote past are known as   
(a) extinct species
(b) fossils
(c) naturally selected species
(d) none of the above

Question. Those organs which have the same basic structure but different functions are called   
(a) Vestigial organs
(b) Analogous organs
(c) Homologous organs
(d) None of these

Question. Natural selection is called ‘survival of the fittest’. Which of the following statements best describes an organism?     
(a) How strong it is compared to other individuals of the same species.
(b) How much food and resources it is able to gather for its offspring.
(c) The ability to adapt to the environment in the niche it occupies.
(d) The number of fertile offspring it has.

Question. Assertion: Human, frog and bird have a common ancestor.   
Reason: Limbs of human, bird and frog are homologous.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
(e) Both A and R are false.

Question. An example of homologous organs is   
(a) Our arm and a dog’s fore-leg.
(b) Our teeth and an elephant’s tusks.
(c) Potato and runners of grass.
(d) All of the above.

Question. Wild cabbage has evolved into new varieties like cabbage, broccoli and cauliflower by   
(a) genetic drift
(b) natural selection
(c) reproductive isolation
(d) artificial selection

Question. The fossil remains of Archaeology is a connecting link between   
(a) reptiles and mammals
(b) reptiles and bird
(c) fish and amphibian
(d) amphibian and reptile

We hope the above multiple choice questions for Class 10 Science for Chapter 9 Heredity And Evolution provided above with answers based on the latest syllabus and examination guidelines issued by CBSE, NCERT and KVS are really useful for you. Heredity And Evolution is an important chapter in Class 10 as it provides very strong understanding about this topic. Students should go through the answers provided for the MCQs after they have themselves solved the questions. All MCQs have been provided with four options for the students to solve. These questions are really useful for benefit of class 10 students. Please go through these and let us know if you have any feedback in the comments section.