Students of class 12 Geography should refer to MCQ Questions Class 12 Geography Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems with answers provided here which is an important chapter in Class 12 Geography NCERT textbook. These MCQ for Class 12 Geography with Answers have been prepared based on the latest CBSE and NCERT syllabus and examination guidelines for Class 12 Geography. The following MCQs can help you to practice and get better marks in the upcoming class 12 Geography examination

Chapter 12 Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems MCQ with Answers Class 12 Geography

MCQ Questions Class 12 Geography Geographical Perspective on Selected Issues and Problems provided below have been prepared by expert teachers of grade 12. These objective questions with solutions are expected to come in the upcoming Standard 12 examinations. Learn the below provided MCQ questions to get better marks in examinations.

Question. Which of the following rivers is highly polluted?
(a) Brahmaputra river
(b) Godavari river
(c) Satluj river
(d) Yamuna river

Question. Which of these activities are the most significant contributor to water pollution?
(a) Households
(b) Farms
(c) Industries
(d) Tourism

Question. Which of the following types of pollution is classified on the basis of medium?
(a) Air pollution
(b) Water pollution
(c) Land pollution/degradation
(d) All of the above

Question. Which of the following is not a cause of air pollution?
(a) Combustion of fossil fuels
(b) Mining activities
(c) Industries
(d) Agricultural runoff

Question. Which of the following natural sources is responsible for water pollution?
(a) Landslides
(b) Erosion
(c) Earthquake
(d) Both (a) and (b)

Question. Industries are source regions of which of the following pollutants?
(a) Polluted wastewater
(b) Poisonous gases
(c) Chemical residuals
(d) All of these

Question. Consider the following statements and choose the correct option.
I. Industries are the most significant contributors in pollution.
II. Industries are a source of a number of undesirable products including industrial wastes, chemical residual, polluted wastewater etc.
Options
(a) Only I is correct
(b) Only II is correct
(c) Both the statements are incorrect
(d) Both statements are correct and statement II correctly explains the statement I

Question. Arrange the following polluted stretches of Ganga and Yamuna rivers in sequence from North to South direction.
I. Mathura   II. Kanpur
III. Delhi    IV. Varanasi
Codes
(a) I, II, III, IV
(b) III, I, II, IV
(c) IV, I, II, III
(d) I, IV, III, II

Question. Consider the following statements and choose the correct option.
I. The Union Government has launched the ‘Namami Gange Programme’.
II. Due to high pollution in the river Ganga, it requires cleaning by controlling the pollution of its water.
Options
(a) Only I is correct
(b) Both I and II are correct
(c) Only II is correct
(d) Both are incorrect

Question. Consider the following statements and choose the correct option for the same.
I. A visible cover of smoky fog over the cities called as urban smog is caused by air pollution.
II. The smog has a harmful effect on human health.
Options
(a) Only I is correct
(b) Both I and II are correct
(c) Only II is correct
(d) Both are incorrect

Question. Consider the following statements and choose the correct option.
I. Quality of water has degraded due to indiscriminate use of water.
II. In India population and industries are increasing day by day.
Options
(a) Only I is correct
(b) Only II is correct
(c) Both the statements are correct and statement II correctly explains the statement I.
(d) Both are incorrect.

Question. Match the following and choose the correct answer.
List I (Pollution)                  List II (Effects)
A. Water Pollution             1. Smog
B. Air Pollution                 2. Alkalinity
C. Land Pollution              3. Diarrhoea
D. Noise Pollution             4. Hypertension
Codes
     A B C D 
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 2 3 1 4
(c) 3 2 1 4
(d) 1 3 2 4

Question. Match the following columns
Column I                                                                      Column II
(Nature of Water Pollution)                                    (Main Polluters)
A. Industrial pollution in Ganga river                              1. Kanpur
B. Domestic waste from urban centres                           2. Delhi
C. Extraction of water from Yamuna river for irrigation    3. Uttar Pradesh,Haryana
D. Domestic and Industrial waste into Yamuna river        4. Varanasi, Patna, Kolkata
Codes
     A B C D 
(a) 1 2 3 4
(b) 4 3 2 1
(c) 1 4 3 2
(d) 4 1 2 3

Question. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
Sources of Water Pollution    Pollutants
(a) Industrial sources            – Sewage
(b) Agricultural sources             – Pesticides
(c) Cultural activities                 – Tourism
(d) Domestic sources                – Dumping of garbage

Question. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
Pollutants                       Pollution
(a) Hydro-Carbon         – Water pollution
(b) Carbon-monoxide   – Air pollution
(c) Alkalinity                – Land pollution
(d) Loudspeakers         – Noise pollution

Read the case/source given and answer the questions that follows by choosing the correct option.

The pressure on agricultural land increases not only due to the limited availability but also deterioration of quality of agricultural land. Soil erosion, waterlogging,salinisation and alkalinisation of land lead to land degradation. What happen if land is consistently used without managing its fertility? Land is degraded and productivity declines. Land degradation is generally understood either as a temporary or a permanent decline in productive capacity of the land.
Though all degraded land may not be wasteland, but unchecked process of degradation may lead to the conversion to wasteland.
There are two processes that induce land degradation. These are natural and created by human beings. National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC) has classified wastelands by using remote sensing techniques and it is possible to categorise these wastelands according to the processes that have created them. There are a few types of wastelands such as gullied/ravinous land, desertic or coastal sands, barren rocky areas, steep sloping land, and glacial areas, which are primarily caused by natural agents. There are other types of degraded land such as water logged and marshy areas, land affected by salinity and alkalinity and land with or without scrub, which have largely been caused by natural as well as human factors.

Question. Which of the following wastelands is associated with major economic activities?
(a) Degrated land under plantation crops
(b) Mining wastelands
(c) Industrial wasteland
(d) All of the above

Question. Which of the following wastelands is formed by both natural and human factors?
(a) Water logged lands
(b) Marshy areas
(c) Land with or without scrub
(d) All of the above

Question. Which of the following is not a root cause of land degradation?
(a) Water logging
(b) Salinisation
(c) Alkalinisation
(d) Afforestation

Question. Gullied/ravine land is a type of wasteland. It is mainly found in which of the following states of India?
(a) Madhya Pradesh
(b) Karnataka
(c) West Bengal
(d) Uttar Pradesh

Read the case/source given and answer the questions that follow by choosing the correct option.

Air pollution is taken as addition of contaminants, like dust, fumes, gas, fog, odour, smoke or vapour to the air in substantial proportion and duration that may be harmful to flora and fauna and to property. With increasing use of varieties of fuels as the source of energy, there is a marked increases in emission of toxic gases into the atmosphere resulting in the pollution of air.Combustion of fossil fuels, mining and industries are the main sources of air pollution. These processes release oxides of sulphur and nitrogen, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide,lead and asbestos. Air pollution causes various diseases related to respiratory, nervous and circulatory systems.
Smoky fog over cities called as urban smog is caused by atmospheric pollution. It proves very harmful to human health. Air pollution can also cause acid rains.
Rainwater analysis of urban environment has indicated that pH value of the first rain after summer is always lower than the subsequent rains.

Question. Which of the following components is greatly affected by air pollution?
(a) Flora
(b) Fauna
(c) Buildings
(d) All of these

Question. The contaminants which pollute our atmosphere are associated with which of the following?
(a) Fog
(b) Fumes
(c) Dust
(d) All of these

Question. Air pollution is a phenomenon which is responsible for which of the following?
(a) Acid rain
(b) Urban smog
(c) Diseases related to circulatory systems
(d) All of the above

Question. Which of the following increases in the environment?
(a) Oxides of sulphur
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Carbon dioxide
(d) All of these